Which axis is borderline personality disorder

While several proposed revisions were drafted that would have significantly changed the method by which individuals with these disorders are diagnosed, the American Psychiatric Association Board of Trustees ultimately decided to retain the DSM-IV categorical approach with the same 10 personality disorders. In the new proposed model, clinicians would assess personality and diagnose a personality disorder based on an individuals particular difficulties in personality functioning and on specific patterns of those pathological traits.

According to the APA, each type is defined by a specific pattern of impairments and traits. This approach also includes a diagnosis of Personality DisorderTrait Specified PD-TS that could be made when a Personality Disorder is considered present, but the criteria for a specific personality disorder are not fully met. For this diagnosis, the clinician would note the severity of impairment in personality functioning and the problematic personality trait s. This hybrid dimensional-categorical model and its components seek to address existing issues with the categorical approach to personality disorders.

APA hopes that inclusion of the new methodology in Section III of DSM-5 will encourage research that might support this model in the diagnosis and care of patients, as well as contribute to greater understanding of the causes and treatments of personality disorders. For the general criteria for personality disorder presented in Section III, a revised personality functioning criterion Criterion A has been developed based on a literature review of reliable clinical measures of core impairments central to personality pathology.

Furthermore, the moderate level of impairment in personality functioning required for a personality disorder diagnosis was set empirically to maximize the ability of clinicians to identify personality disorder pathology accurately and efficiently. The diagnostic criteria for specific DSM-5 personality disorders in the alternative model are consistently defined across disorders by typical impairments in personality functioning and by characteristic pathological personality traits that have been empirically determined to be related to the personality disorders they represent.

Diagnostic thresholds for both Criterion A and Criterion B have been set empirically to minimize change in disorder prevalence and overlap with other personality disorders and to maximize relations with psychosocial impairment.

A diagnosis of personality disordertrait specified — based on moderate or greater impairment in personality functioning and the presence of pathological personality traits — replaces personality disorder not otherwise specified and provides a much more informative diagnosis for patients who are not optimally described as having a specific personality disorder.

A greater emphasis on personality functioning and trait-based criteria increases the stability and empirical bases of the disorders. Personality functioning and personality traits also can be assessed whether or not an individual has a personality disorder, providing clinically useful information about all patients.

For more mental health resources, see our National Helpline Database. Learn the best ways to manage stress and negativity in your life. Association AP. American Psychiatric Association; Biskin RS, Paris J. Diagnosing borderline personality disorder. American Psychiatric Association. What are personality disorders? Updated November National Alliance on Mental Illness.

Understanding borderline personality disorder. Updated June 5, National Institute of Mental Health. Borderline personality disorder. Trestman RL. DSM-5 and personality disorders: where did axis II go?. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellMind. Patients with a diagnosis of borderline PD versus those who did not receive the diagnosis were assigned significantly more current axis I diagnoses 3.

Borderline PD patients were twice as likely to receive a diagnosis of three or more current axis I disorders In comparison to nonborderline PD patients, borderline PD patients more frequently received a diagnosis of current major depressive disorder MDD , bipolar I and II disorder, panic disorder with agoraphobia, social and specific phobia, posttraumatic stress disorder PTSD , obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD , eating disorder NOS, and any somatoform disorder.